ADHD Medications
ADHD medications can improve attention, focus, and impulse control. Doctors prescribe two kinds: stimulants as well as other nonstimulants.
Stimulants increase brain chemicals, including norepinephrine and dopamine. Examples include methylphenidate, also known as Ritalin and amphetamine-based drugs such as Adderall.
Teens and children react differently to medications. Doctors monitor for any side adverse effects and adjust their dosage to determine the appropriate medication and dosage.
Stimulants
The majority of doctors begin with stimulants to treat ADHD. They boost levels of chemicals in the brain, known as neurotransmitters that improve the quality of attention and mood. Stimulants are also used to treat anxiety and depression. They come in many forms, such as pills, liquids and patches. Stimulants can cause side effects, but they tend to be minor and fade disappear over time. Doctors may prescribe different types and doses of stimulants for those with particular needs.
Amphétamines are the most common stimulants. Adderall (Dexedrine), Concerta Dextroamphetamine, methylphenidate and Dextroamp all stimulants. They were once abused by people who didn't have ADHD as a way to boost energy levels, improve confidence and social sociability and induce an "rush" or a higher level of productivity. The CDC reports an increase in the number of overdoses due to prescription stimulant abuse over the last decade.
How Stimulants Work
Most stimulants are absorbed quickly and reach the brain in about 20 minutes. They can increase the heart rate and blood pressure which is risky if taken in large amounts. They can also cause an unusually rapid weight loss, which can result in other health issues. People who have a high heart attack risk should stay clear of stimulants.
Many people suffering from ADHD get better with long-acting stimulants that can last throughout the day. They can also supplement their medication with a stimulant that acts quickly in the late afternoon or evening to ease through the tough part of the work or school day after the long-acting drug wears off.
Short-acting stimulants can be used as needed, and last for about four hours. Some people experience a decline in energy and mood after they have the short-acting stimulant often referred to as the "crash effect." This can trigger extreme energy and fatigue. It may also trigger other medical issues like an increase in blood pressure and an irregular heartbeat.
Long-acting stimulants for ADHD usually last from six to eight hours. Some have an extended release, meaning they break down slowly over time to provide an ongoing dose for longer durations of time. Long-acting stimulants are the preferred kind of medication for adults and older children with ADHD.
Xelstrym, a patch that is FDA-approved that contains the amphetamine dextroamphetamine can be worn every day. It works in a similar way to a regular prescription-strength dextroamphetamine pill. Mydayis is a newer version of dextroamphetamine. It is available in capsules and is taken once a day when you first wake up.
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A few people with ADHD don't respond to stimulants, so other medications are usually prescribed. Nonstimulants can be used alone or in combination with stimulants. Nonstimulants are approved to treat ADHD and include atomoxetine guanfacine and viloxazine. People who aren't responsive to stimulants may also consider either guanfacine or clonidine. Behavioral therapy is a good option for those who aren't responding to medications. This is the process of learning how to manage symptoms and change negative behaviors. The most effective treatment methods incorporate behavioral therapy with other pharmacological therapies.